Brass Haptics: Comparing Virtual and Physical Trumpets in Extended Realities

Despite the benefits of learning an instrument, many students drop out early because it can be frustrating for student, expensive caregiver, and loud household. Virtual Reality (VR) Extended (XR) offer potential to address these challenges by simulating multiple instruments in engaging motivating environment through headphones. To assess commercial VR augment musical experiences, we used standard implementation processes design four virtual trumpet interfaces: camera-tracking with tracked register selection (two ways), voice activation, a controller plus force-feedback haptic glove. evaluate implementations, created music classroom that produces audio, notes, finger pattern guides loaded from selected Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) file. We analytically compared implementations against physical trumpets (both acoustic MIDI), considering features ease use, familiarity, playability, noise, versatility. The produced most reliable familiar experience, some XR were considered. camera-based methods easy use but lacked tactile feedback. glove provided improved tracking accuracy feedback over methods. Each method was also considered as proof-of-concept other instruments, real or imaginary.